Essay on Prototyping an Example by

Leadership Style of Obama and Mahatma Gandhi Free Samples

Question: Talk about the Leadership Style of Obama and Mahatma Gandhi. Answer: Presentation The world well known pioneers have some natural and particular qualities that recognize them from rest of the world. Alongside it, the extraordinary pioneers regard others, their privileges, nobility and the qualities. It is considered as moral administration. Specialists and average folks constantly certain inquiries in regards to which attributes recognize the pioneers from the group and whether these authority qualities can be achieved. The authority style of an individual is additionally needy upon the circumstance. In the present, the initiative styles have developed from despotic and order to participative and law based. There are some essential attributes that separate an incredible pioneer from others, for example, the extraordinary pioneers consistently desert an inheritance them and qualities or standards are followed much after their lives, the expressions of the extraordinary pioneers are recalled by numerous ages after them and they are as yet applicable in their unique circumstance and the extraordinary pioneers are constantly spoken with esteem and regard (Lorg, 2007). The incredible pioneers regard various societies and recognize the significant contrasts. It is called multicultural initiative. These pioneers originate from broadened foundations, some from extremely humble beginnings and some from well-to-do families. All the incredible pioneers have some basic qualities like they are constantly moral, centered, simply, reasonable and compassionate (Gini Green, 2013). In a business situation, the authority and the association issues are coordinated with the human brain research to discover better answers for the issues. This cross-disciplinary field is called authority brain science. The mission statement of the exposition is, To inspect the administration of Mahatma Gandhi and Barack Obama and distinguish whose initiative style is increasingly significant in the current setting. Mahatma Gandhi Mahatma Gandhi (Mohandas Karamchand Gandh) was conceived in 1869 in Porbandar, Gujarat in a prosperous family. He prepared to fill in as a counselor and worked for a short period in India. In any case, as Gandhi was too timid to even think about speaking in court, he moved to South Africa, wherein he was moved by the bad form with which the migrant Indians was dealt with. After just about twenty years he moved back to India to challenge the British rulers and the abuse of the Indians (Leadership Lime, 2016). Moral Leadership: Gandhi was helpful, a moral chief, he had confidence in peacefulness and challenged prejudice and separation. The essential attributes of Gandhi initiative style were that he was alluring, motivational and visionary. One of the intrinsic attributes of extraordinary pioneers is their moral lead and social obligation. The pioneers consistently show high moral measures and recognize the ethical outcomes of their choices (Eisenbeiss, 2012). It is seen in the Gandhis approach of peacefulness, in which it is accepted the option to live is the essential right of each person and ought not be breeched regardless. The possibility of peacefulness is exhibited my numerous researchers as the most progressive thought of the 21st century (McMahon, 2004). Authority Style or Evolution of Leadership: The way objective authority is characterized as an administration style wherein the initiative style is centered around accomplishing the objectives. In Gandhis talks, the heinous idea of the British standards was introduced by the vales of good legitimization and speaking to estimations of the mass open. Besides, in the Gandhis discourses the language used to pressure his closeness with the adherents, their value and connecting the past, present and the future and conceptual subjects that spoke to the general population. The aggregate center, forceful and dynamic discourse brought about mass intrigue and following of Gandhi (Bligh and Robinson, 2010). The charming pioneers regularly safeguards the vast majority of the control and don't confide in another person without any problem. In this manner, this administration style doesn't yield replacements and visionaries. Initiative Theories: He was likewise a transformational pioneer. He was a magnetic pioneer. In this authority style, the pioneer has a veritable worry for the government assistance of the supporters and has moral qualities installed in his procedures and activities. He urged individuals to tail him openly drives and dissent against the separation in a peaceful way. Multicultural Leadership: The progressive methodologies and the initiative style of Mahatma Gandhi are regarded through various societies and different western nations. Gandhi set tat social and language assorted variety are the inborn qualities of India and British standard can't separate the individuals upon its premise (Barnabas and Clifford, 2012). Balance and assorted variety are the significant standards of Gandhi. He additionally expressed that mind separation it turns out to be progressively hard for the various human advancements to coincide neighboring. The multicultural administration style expresses that the pioneer must have the option to explore through various culture and regard them. Along these lines, Gandhi was a multicultural pioneer (Soo, 2012). Brain science of administration: It could be investigated that the character of Gandhi goes under the classification of Agreeableness in the enormous five character attributes. It is the character attribute to be agreeable, empathetic, delicate and kind. It is additionally unequivocally corresponded to charming character and initiative style (Raad, 2000). The character of Gandhi is portrayed by his authentic appearance, half-bare which identified with the basic man around then. He was wild yet modest. Another prime part of his character was his appeal and information which has impacted numerous ages and gains adherents at present moreover. He was sympathetic, flexible, helpful and powerful. He had faith in his motivation, has determination and was key. He embraced the systems of peacefulness and Satyagraha to battle against the British guideline. The mission statement of the article can be repeated as, Mahatma Gandhi was a charming pioneer who embraced the way objective authority style. He was a moral and multicultural pioneer and went under pleasantness classification in administration character. Barack Obama Barack Obama was conceived in 1961 and turned into the 44th leader of USA. He was conceived in Hawaii and his mom was of English family line though his dad was Kenyan. 1n 1988, Obama took a crack at the graduate school, exceeded expectations in scholastics and become the leader of the lofty Harvard Law Review (Military Center, 2016). Administration Ethics: In spite of the fact that President Obama didn't show his authority characteristics prior, later he understood that he needs to change the world for advancement. His vision was evangelist and he was industrious in any event, when he experienced disappointment at first. The essential attributes of the transformational initiative style are that it gives motivation and impact devotees to be progressively beneficial (Green and Roberts, 2012). It could be evaluated that President Obama is a moral head and executes moral standards in the entirety of his activities. As of late, a few activities of President Obama, for example, human services changes, endorsement of gay marriage and less reliance on the outside oil has made him a perfect head. He is known to face individual challenge for the government assistance of the general public and sending his message. Obama made arrangements in a few dubious subjects that could have reverse discharges him which shows that he can face challenge for ta king right choices. In all the discourses of the Barack Obama, the shrouded message of a network is normal. He utilizes pronouns like we and us which permits the individuals to relate to him and his motivation (Calhoun, 2016). Administration Theories and Evolution of Leadership: The administration style of President Obama mirrors that he is a transformational pioneer. In his open addresses, it very well may be inspected that Obama is connecting with and charming with people in general. He attempts to make associations with the individuals all over America. He is likewise spurring and manufactures relationship with the individuals. These qualities of his character plainly adjust him to transformational initiative style. A transformational pioneer is continually thinking about his adherents. He additionally takes choice as a team with his devotees. The transformational administration style is the authority style that accentuates changing the devotees. In this administration style, the pioneers are spurring towards their devotees and convey remarkable execution that motivates the supporters to work be increasingly profitable, effective (Bass and Riggio, 2006). Brain research of Leadership: In his open appearances, Obama is appeared as smart and genuine. He is exhibited demonstrating knowledge in his key activities and approaches. The character attributes of Barack Obama are coordinated effort, definitiveness, mastermind, individual time, genuineness, compassion and valor (Advise America, 2016; Renshon, 2012). Multicultural Leadership As the President Obama is from multicultural foundation, he can relate with various societies and regard the uniqueness and peculiarity of each culture. Multicultural authority is particularly significant in a nation as socially and ethnically different as the United States of America. The childhood of President Obama in Indonesia and Hawaii made him aware of various societies. It is an act of fusing the practices and estimations of differing societies in an aware way (Marranis, 2016; Zennie, 2011). The mission statement of the paper can be rehashed as, Barack Obama is a transformational pioneer. He is a moral and multicultural pioneer who is a shrewd individual. Correlation These pioneers have certain magnetism and appeal that persuade a huge number of individuals to tail them. The initiative style of both Gandhi and Obama was very unique albeit both were effective in tending to their vision and goals. In the current occasions, the administration style of Obama I

What Are Some Common GRE Essay Topics?

What Are Some Common GRE Essay Topics?Common GRE Essay Topics are going to be the areas that you will be tackling when taking the test. In many cases you are going to have to cover a large number of different topics. However, you may find that you need to target more than one area. This is where the GRE Tutor helps you out.When taking the GRE, you need to make sure that you cover the topics which the essay topics on the GRE test. However, it is impossible to cover every topic so you need to ensure that you cover enough to pass. This can be achieved by narrowing down your choices of the essay topics. Here are some of the most common GRE Essay Topics that you are going to have to address.It is necessary to cover the topic of Writing in the GRE Essay. If you can't write it, you will not get the right score. You should focus on producing something of substance. Remember that writing is one of the most important aspects of the exam. So spend time researching and really come up with a usef ul piece of writing.You should also include the topic of Personal and Specific Experience. There are certain factors that will influence the score of the test. For example, you can study, do an interview and a general essay, but if you don't consider how you feel then your scores will be affected. If you can describe in detail the areas where you excelled in your studies then you can overcome this obstacle.Another issue that is worthy of discussion is that of the fact that many people think that the GRE is only about writing and no other aspects are required for it. It is true that most people fail the GRE tests when they don't prepare for it. However, you are going to find that writing is a very important aspect of the test. So, you should spend time on writing an essay that shows how you have taken the GRE test in a different way.One of the best ways to set yourself apart from the crowd is to include the subjects of Writing Practice, Business, and other Topics in your essay topics . Your GRE essay topics should not be about subjects which you already know. Instead, it should tackle subjects that you haven't tackled before and this will provide you with a fresh perspective. In many cases, people have spent time on topics that they didn't believe they would actually be good enough to tackle. It is therefore vital that you take the test seriously and find subjects which you are able to tackle.Writing about your strengths will help you show how one weakness has been overcome. While trying to answer the questions that you will be faced with in the GRE test, you will be exposed to topics that you have not dealt with before. This will make you use the knowledge that you have gained and this will boost your scores.At the end of the day, you must remember that the GRE is just a test. You need to deal with it as if it is a business interview and this will help you to prepare for it well. It will also help you to gain confidence about the subject which you are going to be tackling. This confidence will help you to write an essay which you are sure to get right.

The Leadership Of The Organizational Leadership - 786 Words

The organizational leadership drivers have been historically and predominantly filled with male leaders. Determined factors, however fictitious, in writing, as well as perceived by organizational Chief Executive Officers (CEOs), Chief Financial Officers (CFOs), shareholders, Owners, and employees, female leaders were viewed through the stereotypical categories that included limitations. Moreover, gender discriminating society professes the positions for men and women would not be compensated equally. Correlating differences in gender leadership is not as fictional as it may appear. The discovery of a biochemical distinction between the genders may bring some credibility to the historical insights. While men do have higher levels of testosterone and women have higher levels of oxytocin, men and women behaviors are directly affected in speaking up and in connectedness (Moskowitz, 2015). Merit to these perceptions may be in question. Even though women have been exceedingly surpass ing males in scholastic academics, researchers persistently dispute the differences in leadership abilities and capabilities. The majority of investigators believe the important differences in genders leadership are derived from the differences in power, status, and additional influences related to the gender over the educational level. Mindful that gender discrimination has extensively occurred which resulted in men being linked to leadership traits; this has implied men have greaterShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Leadership : Leadership And Leadership1568 Words   |  7 PagesConceptualizing Leadership Leadership is different in the eyes of each and every individual. What one person considers great leadership may be viewed by another as too demanding. Ultimately, time, place, situation, and people involved are considered some of the view variables for which type of leadership will be most effective. 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Dees (2013) stated, â€Å"resilient leadership is selfless service over time fromRead MoreLeadership And Culture Of The Field Of Organizational Leadership1058 Words   |  5 PagesLeadership and Culture Ethical Leadership According to research theories in the field of organizational leadership, â€Å"powerful leaders can have substantial impact on the lives of followers and the fate of an organization† (Yukl, 2006, p.340). Nevertheless, Heifetz (1994) points out, â€Å"there is no ethically neutral ground for theories of leadership, because they always involve values and implicit assumptions about proper forms of influence. 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Eisenhower said, â€Å"Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it.† Leadership is the art of directing others in the pursuit of reaching a common goal or desired outcome. At the most essential level, a leader is a person who inspires, encourages and directs others toward fixed goals. Great leaders are able to motivate their team through the coaching, establishment, and setting

Outline Janis Concept Of Goupthink - 2069 Words

Outline Janis’ concept of ‘goupthink’. Why, and in what circumstances, is it such a problem for organizations? PLAN homogeneity of Members’ social background and ideology etc Low self-esteem induced by recent failures, excessive difficulties on current decision-making tasks that lower each member’s sense of self-efficacy) and moral dilemmas (lack of feasible alternatives except ones that violate ethical norms) Hogg – Group Cohesion Social categorization produces prototype-based depersonalization. the social attraction hypothesis approaches group solidarity and cohesion as a reflection of depersonalized, prototype-based inter-individual attitudes (Hogg, 1987, 1992, 1993). A distinction is drawn between inter-individual evaluations, attitudes, and feelings that are based on and generated by being members of the same group or members of different groups (depersonalized social attraction) and those that are based on and generated by the idiosyncrasies and complementarities of close and endur- ing interpersonal relationships (personal attrac- tion). †¢ â€Å"degree to which the leader allows or promotes discussion and evaluation of alternatives†. †¢ Shown by Janis’ enhanced model (1983) – 2 different presidential decisions (bay of pigs and cuban missile crisis) only one condition changed within these 2 different decisions was the president’s leadership style. ESSAY Outline Janis’ concept of ‘groupthink’. Why, and in what circumstances, is it such a

The Gravity Bong Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Gravity Bong Essay, Research Paper The Gravity Bong I was introduced to the gravitation bong by a friend. He told me the full name as described to him was the # 8220 ; Afghanistan Gravity Bong # 8221 ; . We were sitting about one dark and decided to seek one out. While I could travel into item refering the mechanics of the bong # 8217 ; s operation, I don # 8217 ; t believe that is truly necessary. The ground it is called a # 8220 ; gravitation bong # 8221 ; and non something else is this is what person called it, that is how they described it to their friends, and now it is an recognized term for the following apparatus. I have observed some people on the net reasoning about gravitation vs. force per unit area vs. whatever. If you have remarks wish this as a consequence of this description, I refer you to: alt.engineering.geeks. The type of statement I have observed would hold been halted a long clip ago by declaring a # 8220 ; TECH TIME OUT ! ! # 8221 ; at our school. We will write a custom essay sample on The Gravity Bong Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Take a hit adult male. I feel better now holding said all that, so # 8230 ; on with the of import material # 8230 ; GRAVITY BONG OPERATION: Measure 1: Topographic point the bottomless bottle into a H2O beginning such as a pail of H2O, sink, bathing tub, larger bottle, fishtank ( merely pull the leg ofing ) , etc # 8230 ; When the bottle remainders on the underside, the oral cavity piece should be above the H2O degree plenty to clasp the bottle. I # 8217 ; m non certain if warm or cold H2O is best, or even if it makes much difference seeing as the fume is non bubbled through it. Measure 2: Pack the bowl and topographic point it on the oral cavity of the bottle. Measure 3: SLOWLY! ! pull the bottle out of the H2O, while illuming the bowl. The herb should truly fire and the fume will look intimidating. Stop when: a ) the herb is all ash ( preferred ) , or B ) when the underside of the bottle is still an inch or so below the H2O degree in the pail. Get down fixing yourself for a immense hit. Measure 4: CAREFULLY take the bowl without allowing the bottle move downward ( up a small is all right, but don # 8217 ; t lwt the bottom come out of the H2O ) , exhale deeply, and put your oral cavity over the gap. Inhale rapidly and wholly, leting your caput to travel downward. Try non to imbibe any bong H2O as this sort of suctions! ( although its like larning to swim, it # 8217 ; s bound to go on a small ) . Measure 5: Don # 8217 ; t cough and bent on tight! PACKED BOWL gt ; gt ; $ $ I I I/I BOTTLE gt ; gt ; / BOTTLE gt ; gt ; / / / | / | | / | |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~WATER~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~WATER~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| __________________/ __________________/ BUCKET BUCKET Measure 1 Measure 2 / = BOWL % $ $ = HERB LIGHTER __ * % ** = LIGHTER FLAME gt ; gt ; |__| @ ** $ $ SUCK / I/I || || / . . || I..I || / . . . || / . . || / . . . . / / . . . | . . . . . | / . . . . BOTTLE gt ; | SMOKE | | . . . . . | | . . . . .| | . . . . .| | |~~~~~~~~~~| | | |~~~~~~~~~~| | |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~|~~~~~~~~~~|~~~~| |~~~~~~~WATER~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~BONG~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~WATER~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| |~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~| __________________/ __________________/ BUCKET BUCKET Measure 3 Measure 4 THE Design: First Test: First, a 2-liter bottle and a suited pail were obtained from the flat. I cut the underside off the 2-liter bottle and put it aside. I was able to happen a twosome of prison guard on caps, one of which was of the metal assortment. I cut a unsmooth hole in each, and glued them together, with the cup sides confronting out. Into the side with the metal cap, a piece of screen was placed and fit existent nice. We were forced to construct this small thing because we didn # 8217 ; Ts have a bowl Handy. This worked all right, but rather a spot of air flowed in for the measure of herb which was consumed. Besides, it was a hurting to unscrew the cap after raising the bottle. Overall, we all ended up holding a great clip and the first test was still a success. I leave this historical description in here because: a ) this may be a good sufficiency system for you, or B ) you are besides in a pinch for something right off as we were! Second TRIAL: Having decided the activity was fun plenty to justify farther development of the gravitation bong, and holding entree to a machine store, I designed a bowl merely for this intent. This incorporates a nice sized burn chamber ( about = to 5 chiropteran hits from a little chiropteran ) , a little screen, and an o-ring seal to forestall air from go throughing anything but the combustion herb. It drops out a reasonably brawny ash after each hit. Here is a horizontal study of my gravitation bowl design: FITS ___ IN ____O| _______ BOTTLE gt ; gt ; / __________/ _____| | |+ | / + gt ; gt ; gt ; | + | __________ |+____ ____ / _______| O-RING gt ; gt ; O|___/ BURN Chamber You could do the dimensions to whatever you think may work best. I put a 1/4 in. hole through the bowl, with a 3/8 Defense Intelligence Agency. fire chamber that is.400 in. deep. It fits nicely inside a 35mm movie case shot for storage and TRANSPORTATION to parties ( no programs to construct more, though several friends have already tried imploring! ) . This new bowl works really good and Burnss rather efficienty, make fulling the bottle with heavy fume. The lone alteration I have made to the setup is to offer the option of a milk jug in topographic point of the 2-liter bottle, with a plastic arranger atached to the jug which makes the oral cavity the same size as a 2-liter bottle. I built my apparatus some clip ago, but the other twenty-four hours person on the net mentioned utilizing a tuba mouthpiece. Not a bad thought. Besides, people have said they used aluminium foil with holes poked in it. The point is to acquire a batch of firing done without utilizing an overly big volume of air. TRIAL THREE: This has non been done yet, but the program is to plan a multi-user apparatus utilizing a larger H2O bottle ( like the Poland Springs ) . Tip: To acquire truly wacked, breath back into the bottle, leting it to lift back up to the beginning of measure 4, and inhale once more. Make non nevertheless, deprive yourself of excessively much O. I used this method and took a full minute to take the hit, external respiration in and out, and was instantly wacked, remaining that manner for several hours from one hit! Have a # 8220 ; Gravity Party # 8221 ; with many friends # 8211 ; lotso merriment! Some people like to force the bottle to the underside, and so inhale. While this does move to force the fume into your lungs ( sort of like take a breathing in a balloon ) , I don # 8217 ; t truly experience it is any faster. If you try this, wear # 8217 ; t displace so much H2O that the pail overflows. If it is your first clip seeking the system, make some test tallies without packing the bowl and illuming it. This is a must for a first clip user from the point of position of hazard decrease ( won # 8217 ; t opportunity losing cherished fume ) .

Performance Enhancing Drugs and Sports Essay Example

Performance Enhancing Drugs and Sports Essay Athletes taking PEDs is just like sitting in school taking a test and not be able to figure out and answer to a question and seeing classmates cheating,taking out their phone,looking at others paper, and having cheat sheets. Most people have had this happen in their lives just like athletes most athletes are hard workers but you come across a few so called athletes who use performance enhancing drugs to improve there game which are illegal. The use of performance enhancing drugs is an unlawful shortcut which helps body muscle grow faster without effort and it also helps with muscle endurance.The use of this substance is increasing instead of decreasing. The use of these drugs diminishes the chances of â€Å"clean† athletes making it to the major sports or teams, destroying all the hard work they have done their whole life. Their needs to be a drastic improvement with the testing of performance enhancing drugs. Frequent year round drug tests and severe punishments in various le vels would be favorable for athletes and fans because it keeps the game clean, gives youth a positive influence, and it sets a good image for the sport. First and foremost limited and ineffective drug tests, have let well known and distinguished athletes get away with deceiving the fans and the sport. The first person that people think when they say cycling is lance Armstrong. He has been the face of cycling since decades winning the biggest races like the Tour De France six times. But during June 2012 â€Å"The International Cycling Union (UCI) banished Armstrong from ever competing again and formally stripped him of his Tour de France titles, along with every cycling achievement since 2008, endorsing the punishment laid out earlier this week by the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency†(Clarke). The punishment of Armstrong was the correct measurement taken by the UCi. Armstrong cheated throughout his career since he started cycling professional. Lot of reports came out saying A We will write a custom essay sample on Performance Enhancing Drugs and Sports specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Performance Enhancing Drugs and Sports specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Performance Enhancing Drugs and Sports specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Different Methods of Vegetation Essays

Different Methods of Vegetation Essays Different Methods of Vegetation Essay Different Methods of Vegetation Essay Besides natural methods of vegetative propagation, artificial modes of propagation are also being used. Farmers, gardeners and horticulturists have adopted several such methods like grafting, layering, cutting and tissue culture for propagating plants in gardens and nurseries. 1. Grafting: In horticultural practices this method is commonly used. In this method the cutting of a plant (scion) is attached to the stem of another rooted plant (stock). After some time the attached cutting becomes an integrated part of the rooted plant. The scion and stock are placed in such a way that no gap remains between them. After some time the attached cutting becomes an integrated part of the rooted plant. The scion and stock are placed in such a way that no gap remains between them Because of the arrangement of their vascular bundles, grafting experiments are successful only in divots and not in monocots. This method is commonly applied to improve the variety of fruits like mango. Wax is used to cover the place where grafting is being done. This is to avoid infection. 3. Cutting: In rose, sugar-cane, Coleus, Bougainvillea, etc. this method is used to produce new plants. In this process stem cuttings with some nodes and internodes are placed in moist soil which gives rise to adventitious roots and a new plant subsequently. It is a very common method of vegetative propagation. Farmers divide up the rhizomes, tubers or roots stocks at the end of flowering or growing season. Each part grows into a separate plant in the followin g year. Some plants like dahlia are propagated by root cuttings. 4. Layering: In some plants one or more branches are bent close to the ground and covered with moist soil. After some time, the underground portion of those branches produce new roots and develop into a separate plant as in jasmine, Rhododendron, Magnolia, etc. The stem or branch that develops adventitious roots while still attached to the parent plant is called a layer. In many plants, layering can also be induced artificially. In mound layering the stem is pruned and the base of the plant is covered with soil. From the base, new shoots develop, which are separated from the parent plant, ad grown into a new plant. Many types of apples and gooseberries are grown using this method. Air layering is another type of layering in which branches of the plants cannot be bent to the ground. A piece of the branch is scraped (girdled) in this method and polythene or plastic sheet is used as cover to preserve moisture. Roots arise from the scraped part after a few weeks. This branch is then detached from the parent plant which grows into a new plant after plantation. Layering differs from cutting in that the developments of adventitious buds are induced before the stem is cut to form the new plant. 5. Tissue Culture: In this technique a small piece of tissue of a desired plant is cut. This is placed with a suitable nutrient medium under proper conditions. The tissue grows into an unorganized mass, known as callus. Small part of this tissue is put in another medium, which induces the formation of plantlets. The plantlets can be transplanted in soil or pots foe developing to maturity. This technique is also called micro propagation. This method is used in propagating plants like Asparagus, orchids, Chrysanthemum. This method allows us to grow whole plant from cells taken from various parts of the plant body.

Exploring Prague 15 Top Things to Do and See

Exploring Prague 15 Top Things to Do and See SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips I didn’t have a specific reason to study abroad in Prague. I wasn’t studying Czech literature or language, and I didn’t have any ancestralconnection to the city. One thingmade mepack my bags and move to the Czech Republic: pictures of Prague, which revealed the most beautiful place I’d ever seen. Prague is inarguably one of the most picturesque and best-preserved cities in Europe. Founded in the late 9th century, it still has medieval lanes and architecture, along with a mixof art and architecturethat span the centuries. As I suspected, Prague turned out to be a place of pure aesthetic bliss. Duringmy four months there,my understanding deepened as I encountered darker parts of Prague'shistory, from the old Jewish ghetto toscars of the Holocaust and the Communist occupation from 1948 to 1989. Prague is a complex place, and there’s a ton to see, do, and learn withinits maze of cobblestoned streets. This guide will tell you the top 15things to do and see when you visit Prague to get a full sense of the Czech capital in its past and present. Top 15 Things to Do In Prague: Table of Contents Here's the full list of the top 15 places to see and things to do in Prague, Czech Republic. Click on each to go toit directly, or just scroll down for the full list! See the Astronomical Clock Climb the Bell Tower of Old Town Hall Explore Old Town Square Stroll Around the Novà ½ SvÄ›t District Walk Across the Charles Bridge Visit the Prague Castle TourJosefov, the Historic Jewish Ghetto Visit World-Class Museums See Bizarre Public Sculptures Experience the Nightlife Eat Czech Food Drink Czech Beer See Opera at the National Theater Climb Petrin Hill Take a Day Trip to Cesky Krumlov 1. See the Astronomical Clock One of the first things to see in Prague is its famous astronomical clock, the oldest one of its kind in the world. It was installed over 600 years ago, in 1410. The clock is mounted on Old Town Hall in Old Town Square, the central square of the historic district. The clock has several dials and arms, including one dial that shows the positions of the sun and the moon and another that points to the months of the year. There are several figures that move around the clock each hour. Twelve represent the apostles, and four symbolize Vanity, Greed, Lust, and Death. Death, a figure of a skeleton, rings the bell each hour, and the other figures shake their heads at him. The performance ends when the figure of a rooster crows. Around the turn of the hour, a crowd usually gathers around to see the figures move. Since the clock and square are favorite places to visit in Prague, this crowd canget big during tourist high season. The figures move every hour, so you can pretty much catch the show whenever. Even if you don't catch themoving figures, you'll enjoy seeing the beautiful astronomical clock. Where Is Prague’s Astronomical Clock? The astronomical clock is located on the side of Old Town Hall in Old Town Square. If you’re taking public transport, either the underground metro or the above-ground tram, then you should get off at the Staromestska stop. Metro: Line A to Staromestska Tram: Lines 17 or 18 to Staromestska. The figures move on the hour every hour from 9 AM to 9 PM. 2. Climb the Bell Tower of Old Town Hall After the rooster crows the end of the astronomical clock show, head to the 14th century bell tower of Old Town Hall. You can climb this 228-foot tower for gorgeous, 360 degree views of Prague. Climbing the bell tower was something I didn’t do until the end of my study abroad semester, and I wished I’d done it sooner. It’s a beautiful view over red roofs, spires, church domes, and the Vltava River that runs through the city. How to Visit You can climb the stairs up the bell tower or take the elevator, which is wheelchair accessible. The fee is about $5 for adults and $3 for children. By the way, the Czech Republic uses the Czech koruna (CZK). As I write right now, one US dollar equals 24 CZK. The tower is open from AM to 10 PM on Mondays and 9 AM to 10 PM Tuesday through Sunday. 3. Explore Old Town Square Prague largely escaped destruction during World War II, so a large part of its historic district dates all the way back to the 10th century! The historic core is now under protection as a UNESCO World Heritage site. The central nucleus - and where I was lucky enough to take classes on Czech theater and the literature of Franz Kafka - is the Old Town Square. It’s a big cobblestoned square lined by buildings that span the centuries, from Gothic to Baroque to Rococo architectural styles. The square was a market place place until the end of the 19th century, but now it’s filled with cafes, shops, galleries, restaurants, vendors, and street performers. It also hosts a magical Christmas fair in the winter that makes the entire square smell like cinnamon and sugar. Below are a few of the most notable buildings and statues in Prague’s Old Town Square. What to See in Prague’s Old Town Square After you’ve admired the 15th century astronomical clock, check out these buildings around the square, along with the large memorial in its center. Tyn Cathedral: On the opposite side of the square from the astronomical clock sits the imposing Tyn Cathedral. This Gothic cathedral has been Prague’s main church since the 14th century, and you can easily spot its 262-foot towers topped with black spires. The church contains the oldest pipe organ in the city, and it hosts Roman Catholic services and classical concerts. St Nicholas Church: This 1735 church with a white facade was built and decorated in the Baroque style. It actually didn’t touch Old Town Square until a house in front of it was knocked down in 1901. To find Tyn Cathedral, just look up. Kinsky Palace: This former palace, built in the mid-1700s, is now an art museum. Look for its Rococo-style pink and white exterior. House of the Stone Bell: This medieval house dates all the way back to the 1200s. The stone bell you’ll find inside is a replica of the one used in 1310 to signal the future king, John of Luxembourg, that he could come with his army and occupy the square. Jan Hus Memorial: This large monument was unveiled in 1915 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of martyrdom of Jan Hus, a religious reformer and predecessor of Protestant movement. Hus suffered the medieval consequences of criticizing the Catholic Church when he was burned at the stake in 1415. This monument eventually became a symbol of dissidence duringthe Communist occupation. Sitting by the monument became a quiet way for Czech people to show resistance to Soviet rule. 4. Stroll Around the Novà ½ SvÄ›t District Old Town Square, while definitely worth the visit, can get crowded with tourists, especially in the summer months. If you’re looking to get off the beaten track, you should check out the quieter Novy Svet district of Prague. This â€Å"New World† neighborhood consists of just a few small streets that date back to the 14th century. Walking past the log cottages with thatched roofs feels like you’ve discovered a small village in the middle of a city. This area’s a great place to stroll or stop by the Novy Svet Cafe for delicious coffee without a wait. Where to Find the Novy Svet District The Novy Svet district is on the other side of the Vltava River from Old Town Square. It’s just down the hill from Prague Castle, so you could walk through here to get to or from the castle as an alternative to the primary, more crowded route. The best metro stop to get to Novy Svetis Malostransk. 5. Walk Across the Charles Bridge When I studied abroad in Prague, I took an art history and architecture class. Most days, we wandered around the city, admiring and learning about the structures that straddled the line between art and architecture. Charles Bridge is one such structure, a bridge from 1357 lined by 30 Baroque statues. All of the statues along this cobblestoned bridge over the Vltava are religious figures heavy with symbolism. Most of the statues you’ll see today are careful replicas. The originals are on display in the National Museum. As a top pick in most guide books for what to see in Prague, the bridge can get crowded with visitors, as well as vendors competing to sell food, portraits, and jewelry. If you want to beat the crowds and get away from the commercial aspect of Charles Bridge, you could wake up early and catch the sunrise over the river. If you don’t mind the early wake up call, strolling across the empty Charles Bridge through the mist of sunrise is an unforgettable experience of natural and urban beauty. Where Is Prague's Charles Bridge? You can approach the bridge from either side of the river. The closest metro and tram stop is Starometska, on the Old Town Square side of the Vltava. 6. Visit the Prague Castle Prague is pretty much in a category by itselfwhen it comes to medieval art and architecture, and its castle is just one more reason why. The Prague Castle is the largest medieval castle in Europe. It was founded all the way back in 880 AD. Building and renovations continued over the centuries, with one big project implemented by Emperor Charles IV in the 1300s. The palace complex covers over 18 acres and includes royal residences, gardens, and churches. Today, the complex includes the official residence and office of the president of the Czech Republic. There’s even a daily ceremony of the changing of the guards. What to See in Prague Castle Royal Palace: This Gothic palace dates back to the 14th century. One highlight is the huge Vladislav Hall, which was used for coronations, banquets, market, and even jousting tournaments (it’s that big). Leading up to the hall is the Riders’ Staircase, where knights could ride through on horseback. You should also check out the Observation Gallery, which has a great view over the gardens. St Vitus Cathedral: This huge cathedral contains the remains of the much celebrated 14th century emperor, Charles IV. It has an extremely detailed facade, tall spires, lots of religious statues, and gorgeous art nouveau stained glass windows. Inside, you can also see the silver tomb of St. John of Nepomuk. St George’s Basilica: This 10th century structure contains the tombs of several princes. Golden Lane: The Golden Lane is lined by small 16th century dwellings, originally built for servants and tradesmen. At one end sits the Daliborka Tower, which was once used as a prison. The famous Czech writer, Franz Kafka, lived at #22 Golden Lane for a few years. Royal Garden: These sprawling manicured gardens encircle the castle. They’re a beautiful place to spend an afternoon wandering past flowers, hedges, moats, grapevines, pavilions, and fountains. The primary Royal Garden was built in 1534. Castle Picture Gallery: This gallery contains over 4,000 works, including 100 paintings. It has an especially large collection of 17th century European Baroque art. Admission is free every Monday from 4 to 6 PM. Otherwise, tickets to the gallery are just $4.00. Visiting Hours and Fees You can buy tickets for most individual parts of the castle complex, but if you want to visit several parts of it, you should get a combined ticket. Because the Prague Castle is so big, the tickets are good for two days. The most comprehensive ticket is the Circuit A for about $14.50. It includes St. Vitus Cathedral, Old Royal Palace, an exhibition called the "The Story of Prague Castle," St. George's Basilica, Golden Lane with the Daliborka Tower, and Powder Tower. You can take $3 or $4 off if you skip the Powder Tower. From April to October, Prague Castle is open everyday from 6 AM to 10 PM, and the historical buildings are open from 9 AM to 5 PM. From November to March, the historical buildings close at 4 PM. How to Get There The Prague Castle is just about a 22-minute walk from Old Town Square. Keep in mind that most of this walk is uphill. If you do choose to walk, you’ll want to turn around to see the beautiful views over the river and Old Town. By public transportation, take the tram to one of these stops: Krlovskà ½ letohrdek, PraÃ… ¾skà ½ hrad, or PohoÃ…â„¢elec. You can also take the metro and get off at Malostransk or HradÄ ansk. 7. See Josefov, the Historic Jewish Ghetto Josefov is the Jewish quarter located between Old Town Square and the Vltava River. The area was once a walled ghetto where Jews were forced to live beginning in the 13th century. Much of the district was destroyed when Prague remodeled parts of the city between 1893 and 1913. Today, you can see six synagogues, as well as Europe’s oldest Jewish cemetery. Visiting the cemetery especially can be an intense and difficult experience. Most of the Jewish population in Prague was forcibly relocated to concentration camps and murdered in 1941 by German occupiers and Czech Nazi collaborators. As of 2014, only about 3,900 Jewish people lived in the Czech Republic. There were over 356,000 in 1930. Historical Places in Josefov Pinkas Synagogue: This is the second oldest synagogue in Prague. Today, it’s a museum commemorating the thousands of Czech Jewish victims of the Holocaust. Spanish Synagogue: This synagogue was built in the Moorish revival style. Inside, you can find an exhibition about Jewish history in the Czech Republic Old New Synagogue: This is Europe’s oldest active synagogue. It was built in 1270. High Synagogue: This synagogue is actually excluded from tours, as it’s meant for local and foreign visitors who want to attend services and pray. It was built in the Renaissance style in 1568 and features impressive Gothic ribbed vaulting in the tall ceiling. The Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague dates back to the 1400s. Old Jewish Cemetery: This is the largest Jewish cemetery in Europe. It dates to the early 15th century and is now administered by the Jewish Museum in Prague. Since Jews were not able to get more space for the cemetery, the ground is uneven and higher than the surrounding streets. The Holocaust memorial in Berlin emulates the uneven ground of the Prague Cemetery. Franz Kafka’s Birthplace: Famous Czech writer Franz Kafka was born in the Jewish quarter on July 3, 1883 on the corner of Kaprova Street and Maiselova Street. His family lived here for a few years before moving to Wenceslas Square. Where to Find Josefov Josefov sits between Old Town and the Vltava River. You can click on the pins to find the specific addresses of the synagogues, museums, and Jewish cemetery. 8. Visit Museums Among the many Prague attractions are over 25 renowned museums with all sorts of collections. Some house great works of art, while others contain memorials to the victims of the Holocaust and Communist occupation. You can learn about technology, music, or the life and writings and Franz Kafka. For a lighter experience, you can go to museums of chocolate, toys, or traditional Bohemian puppet art. You can also find some oddones, like the Sex Machines Museum or the Museum of Historical Chamber Pots and Toilets. Below are some of my top picks for museums in Prague(plus one graffitied wall). Top Museums in Prague National Gallery in Prague: This gallery contains the largest collection of art in the Czech Republic. It’s actually housed in various buildings throughout the city. You’ll find major works by renowned European artists, as well as one of the largest collections by Czech artists, like Kupka, Benes, and Mucha. National Museum: If you’re looking to step away from art and check out natural history and other fields, then you should go to the National Museum. Like the National Gallery, the collections, which comprise over 14 million items, are housed in various buildings. Some of the main departments are prehistory, protohistory, botany, zoology, Czech history, ethnography, theater, anthropology, and paleontology. Jewish Museum in Prague: The Jewish Museum administers the exhibitions in the various synagogues and other buildings. Its collection of Jewish heritage contains over 40,000 objects and 100,000 books. Museum Kampa: This museum is located on an island in the Vltava and houses a large collection of European modern art. As you walk in, you’ll see Magdalena Jetelova’s famous sculpture of a chair. Check out the Museum of Communism to learn the REAL TRUTH about Russian nesting dolls. Museum of Communism: The Communists occupied the Czech Republic from the end of World War II until the Velvet Revolution in 1989. They arrested over 200,000 Czechs and killed hundreds that tried to flee. This museum shows the history of Communist rule through photos, films, sculptures, and propaganda from the era. Lennon Wall: Not a museum, but rather a wall where protesters of the Communist regime would paint pictures and words of peace, most of them Beatles, particularly John Lennon, inspired. In 2014, a group of art students painted white over the wall, leaving just the words, "Wall is over," which werelaterchanged to "War is over." New artwork and graffiti have since reappeared. Sex Machines Museum: This three-story museum has a collection of sex devices, some dating back to as early as the 16th century. According to its website, it has â€Å"an exposition of mechanical erotic appliances, the purpose of which is to bring pleasure and allow extraordinary and unusual positions during intercourse.† Where to Find Them Click on a pin for the specific address of each museum on the list above! 9. See Bizarre Public Sculptures Perhaps one thing that helped people get through dark times in their history was the so-called Czech sense of humor. Czech people have a reputation for beingsarcastic and controversial, and they like to make fun of their politicians. Nowhere does this stereotype appear to be more true than in the strange public statues around the city, most of them by the famous Czech sculptor, David Cerny. The rebellious Cerny first gained notoriety when he painted a Soviet tank pink and was briefly arrested. Below are six notable statues by Cerny around Prague, along with a seventh by Czech sculptor, Jaroslav Rona. Public Statues Around Prague Babies: This Cerny exhibition has 10 huge babies crawling up the side of the Zizkov TV Tower and around Kampa Park. Brown-nosers: Here, Cerny invites viewers to climb ladders and you through the backsides of two giant statues. When you look through, you’ll see video of an actor who looks like Vaclav Klaus, the Czech president from 2003 to 2013, eating baby food. Piss: This fountain features two male statues urinating toward each other. The streams spell out quotes from Czech literature. UnUtero: People can walk underneath and inside this statue of a huge silver pregnant woman. Hanging Man: This statue has moved around the world, and many people have mistaken it for someone jumping. It shows Sigmund Freud hanging by one hand from a beam coming off a roof. Franz Kafka Statue: This famous Kafka statue is not by Cerny, but by Jaroslav Rona. Unveiled in 2003, it shows a smaller man riding atop the shoulders of a larger headless man and is inspired by Kafka’s short story, â€Å"Description of a Struggle.† 10. Experience the Prague Nightlife While walking around the cobblestoned streets of Prague may transport you into the past, experiencing its bar and club scene will take you right past the now and into the future. Prague has such a big nightlife scene that it’s gathered a reputation as a party city. You can choose among pubs, bars, dance clubs, jazz bars, sports bars, breweries, beer gardens, rooftop terraces, and underground cave bars. Here are a few suggestions, but they’re really just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to Prague’s nightlife scene. Where to Go SaSaZu: This huge club hosts renowned DJs from all over the world and plays mainly house music. It opened in 2009 and can hold over 2,500 people. Duplex: Dance inside a glass cube at this rooftop nightclub while enjoying views over the city. Chapeau Rouge: This underground club has three levels, one with a bar and tables and two with DJs and dance floors. It’s located close to Old Town Square. Karlovy LznÄ›: This is the largest nightclub in Central Europe and has over five stories, each with its own dance floor and type of music, including hip hop, 80s, and trance. The interior has mosaics dating back to the 15th century. Karlovy Lazne is more popular with foreign visitors than locals. Retro: Go to Retro for electro-house music and a great light show. It can hold over 1,200 people. The crowd is generally a mix of Czech people and foreigners. Radost FX: Radost is on the smaller side and typically plays American hip hop. If you don’t feel like dancing, there’s a loungewith fuzzy couches to hang out in. To get a sense of what it looks like, check out Rihanna’s "Please Don’t Stop the Music" video. She shot it in Radost in 2007. Bunkr Parukarka: This underground club is located in a 1950s nuclear bunker. You’ll get electro-pop and industrial tracks from some of Prague’s top DJs. Zizkov: This last recommendation is not a club, but actually an entire neighborhood. Zizkov is a former industrial suburb with over 300 bars in just 2 square miles. It’s a super casual, somewhat gritty spot. You’ll see lots of dive bars and beer in plastic cups. Where to Find These Bars and Clubs Check out the Prague map for the locations and addresses of the bars and clubs listed above. . Eat Czech Cuisine While I was enamored with the city of Prague, I was less in love with itsfood. Traditional Czech food involves a lot of meat and starch, and I found it to be pretty heavy. There are plenty of more modern restaurants with great cuisine. I did love the desserts, especially the cinnamon-sugar pastries that were sold by street vendors in the winter. You should definitely try some traditional Czech foods to find your favorites. Below are some of the main ones. Traditional Czech Foods Knedlà ­ky, or dumplings: These dumplings are typically wheat or potato-based, steamed and sliced, and served on the side of meat. Roast pork with dumplings and sauerkraut (or cabbage): This is the most typical Czech dish. Pork is the most common meat eaten in the Czech Republic. Koleno: pork knee marinated in beer and usually served with pickled vegetables and dark bread. Loupk: a sweet crescent-shaped roll covered in poppy seeds, usually eaten for breakfast. GulÃ… ¡, or goulash: another staple Czech dish (though originally from Hungary). Goulash is usually stewed beef in gravy served with dumplings. Trdelnà ­k is a rolled dough with cinnamon and sugar. Yum! Schnitzel: thinly sliced veal, pork, or chicken, covered in breadcrumbs and fried. Schnitzel is usually served with potato-based side dishes. PalaÄ inky: These are similar to French crepes, though they’re cooked with a different batter. They can be sweet or savory and are commonly sold at food markets. Trdelnà ­k: a rolled pastry wrapped around a stick and coated with cinnamon and sugar. These are popular at Christmas markets, where they’re heated up over an open flame. SmaÃ… ¾enà ½ Sà ½r: This is a deep-fried cheese, often sold by vendors at food markets. Below are a few recommendations for food markets. A couple are year-round, while othersjust pop up around the holidays. Farmer’s and Holiday Markets in Prague Havel’s Market (Havelske trziste): This permanent market is open everyday, year-round from 9 AM to 6 PM. Come here for fresh fruits and vegetables, food, flowers, crafts, toys, puppets, leather goods, and souvenirs. Address: Havelska Street, Prague 1 off Melantrichova, a pedestrian-only street between Old Town Square and Wenceslas Square. Naplavka Farmer’s Market: popular riverside Saturday market with fresh fruits and vegetables, cheese and meat stands, cooked food, beer and wine, and coffee. It’s open from 8 to 2 on Saturdays by the river bank close to the metro stop Palackà ©ho nmÄ›stà ­. Prague's Christmas markets are magical! Jirak Farmer’s Market: This market’s located around the Jiriho z Podebrad stop on the metro from Wednesday through Saturday. In addition to the usual fruits, vegetables, meats, and cheeses, you can find delicious breads and pastries. It’s open from 8 AM to 6 PM Wednesday through Friday and 8 AM to 2 PM on Saturday. Christmas Markets: the largest ones are located in Old Town Square and Wenceslas Square and are pretty magical. You’ll find cinnamon-sugar pastries, roasted nuts, mulled wine, thick hot chocolate, and crackling meat turning over an open fire. Craft tents sell traditional handicrafts, wooden toys, tree ornaments, puppets, jewelry, and other great gifts. The Christmas markets are open everyday from early December to early January. Easter Markets: The best Easter markets, like the Christmas markets, are located in Old Town Square and Wenceslas Square. You can find lots of food and gifts among the brightly painted tents, along with activities for kids and people in traditional costume. The Easter markets are typically open for the first three weeks in April. 12. Drink Czech Beer While the Czech Republic may not have a reputation for the world’s best cuisine, it does have some of the best beer! Happily, it’s also some of the least expensive. You can find Czech-made beer (pivo) at all of the bars, pubs, and breweries. My favorite bars were the atmospheric underground cave bars with stone walls, candlelight, and wells that tunneleddeep into the ground. Czech Beer Brands The majority of Czech beers are light in color and served chilled. They’re brewed from hand-picked hops and have a transparent golden color and light taste. The most widely distributed brands are Pilsner Urquell (you can visit the brewery in the town of Plzen) and Budweiser Budvar. Other Czech brands are Bernard, Gambrinus, KruÃ… ¡ovice, Radegast, Starobrno, Staropramen, Svijany, and Velkopopovickà ½ Kozel. There are also microbreweries throughout the city. Below are a few recommendations for breweries and a beer museum. Where to Go for Beer: A Few Recommendations Zly Casy: This bar has 48 delicious beers on draft from small Czech breweries. Address: ÄÅ'estmà ­rova 390/5, 140 00 Prague. U Medvidku Beer Hall and Restaurant: This 550-year old beer hall is famous for its dark lager, X-Beer 33. X-Beer 33 is the strongest Czech beer at .8% alcohol content. Address: Na PerÃ… ¡tà ½nÄ› 7, Starà © MÄ›sto, 0 00, Prague. Prague Beer Museum: the Beer Museum has exhibits on the history of beer-brewing, plus over 31 beers on tap. Address: Na Perstyne 7, Pr 1, Prague. 13. See Opera at the National Theater Are you looking for a more glamorous experience out on the town? Prague is renowned as a center for opera, as well as ballet, music, and theater. Not only will you see great productions, but you’ll do so in the gorgeous National Theater, a 19th century neo-Renaissance building on the Vltava River and important cultural institution in the city of Prague. Ticket prices range from $15 to $50, and you can reserve them online on the National Theater’s website, as well as find the full schedule of productions. When I saw an opera here, there was a screen with English subtitles so I could follow the story. Where to Findthe National Theater The National Theater is located at Narodni 2 in Prague’s New Town. You can take the metro to Narodni trida on Line B or the tram to Narodni Divadlo, lines 6, 9, 17, 18, or 22. 14. Climb Petrin Hill If you’re craving greener spaces, head out of the main part of the city toward the 1000-foot tall Petrin Hill. A popular spot among locals, the park around Petrin Hill has landscaped gardens, a smaller version of the Eiffel Tower, a rose garden, and a Hall of Mirrors. You can climb the 299 steps of Prague’s mini Eiffel Tower for sweeping views over Prague. How to Getto Petrin Hill You can walk or take a funicular railway to Petrin Hill. The walk is just about 30 minutes, but it’s pretty steep. The railway leaves from Ujezd Street and goes up to Petrin Hill. This park is open from 10 AM to 8 PM, March to October and 10 AM to 6 PM, November to February. 15. Take a Day Trip to Cesky Krumlov While Prague has endless things to do and places to see, it’s also surrounded by incredible towns and sights. One awesome and popular day trip takes you south to Cesky Krumlov. Cesky Krumlov is a UNESCO World Heritage site, and it’s a picture perfect medieval Bohemian town. It has the same fairytale quality of Prague with even fewer signs of modern life. You’ll see a big castle, lots of puppet museums and shops, outdoor markets, and Renaissance and Baroque buildings. Does it sound like a small town version of Prague? That’s a pretty apt description, right down to the fact that it’s also situated around the Vltava River (just 100 miles south). How to Get to Cesky Krumlov If you’re renting a car, you can drive to Cesky Krumlov along route E55. The drive is about two hours and take you through forests, fields, and villages. The most popular way to get there is the bus. This direct, 3-hour bus ride drops you off at the bus station in Cesky Krumlov. From there, it’s just about a 10-minute walk to the center of town. Since the buses can fill up, you should make reservations in advance. The train is probably the least convenient option, since there aren’t any trains that go direct. You could travel between 2.5 and 3.5 hours to ÄÅ'eskà © BudÄ›jovice and then go another 45 minutes on a new train to Cesky Krumlov. The train station is about a 30-minute walk from the city center. So there you have it, the top 15 things to do in Prague. (I could add a 16th for any college undergrads - study abroad there!) In closing, let’s go over some final thoughts about what to do in Prague, the beautiful city in the heart of Bohemia. Historic Prague: Final Thoughts Prague is a paradise for anyone who likes to wander amid art and architecture from centuries past. As a well-preserved medieval city, Prague transports you back in time with its Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque, and Rococo buildings and sculptures. While it’s easy to fall under Prague’s magic spell, you’ll also find reminders of tragedies in its past. It’s important to acknowledge these realities while appreciating the resilience of the Czech people, who have a history of resistance through politics, theater, literature, music, and art. Prague is not all museums, cathedrals, and heavy history, though. It’s also a seriously fun city with world-renowned nightclubs and buzzing bar districts. When it comes to good party spots, I definitely trust Rihanna to know what’s up. Even if you’re not into dancing, you may appreciate the fact that cheap world-class beeris only ever a few steps away. I may not have known about all of Prague's attractions when I decided to study abroad here. Like I said, I was mostlymotivated by aesthetics. As I soon found out, though, Prague isindeed as beautiful as thepictures promised. Plus, the city hasso much more.

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Summary chapter 7 - Essay Example Schloss and Schmidt (2006) stress that special education is a collaborative process and the consultant teacher plays a crucial role in it. The consulting teacher provides services to both secondary teachers as well as their students. Key elements of effective collaboration are willing participants, understanding roles of the two teachers, agreement on goals, sharing responsibility for the student’s problem, sharing responsibility for success (failure) of the intervention developed. The authors identify a number of advantages of using the consulting teacher and some of these benefits include increased level of students, efficient teamwork, reduction of costs of special education. Exposing nondisabled students to collaborating with disabled learners has a positive impact on both parties as students acquire the necessary communicative skills. Schloss and Schmidt (2006) note that it is possible to develop an effective consultant teacher program by considering characteristics of the consultant teacher, responsibilities of consultants, gaining acceptance. The consultant teacher’s responsibilities include identification of the problem behavior, establishing objectives, designing the program, developing an evaluation plan, provision of in-service training, implementation and monitoring of the program, termination of the program, dissemination of results. It is also noted that resource rooms may be a good alternative to the secondary setting. Schloss, M.A., & Schmidt, R.J. (2006). Collaboration and the role of the consultant teacher. In P.J. Schloss, M.A. Schloss, & C.N. Schloss (Eds.), Instructional methods for secondary students with learning behaviour problems (pp. 176-193). New York, NY:

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Reverend Hale The Crucible written by Arthur Miller is a play that takes place in the sixteen nineties during the famous but tragic witch trials. Reverend Hale who is a minister and an expert of the demonic arts and witchcraft is sent from East Hanover to Salem where there is a spreading fear of witchcraft. When Hale arrives in Salem he finds the entire town in total chaos. At the beginning Hale is adamant in believing that they’re where witches and that nothing but good could come of his being there. Near the end when the truth has been exposed, Hale with so much blood on his head pleads : ‘‘ I come to do the Devil’s work. I come to counsel Christians they should belie themselves. There is blood on my head! Can you not see the blood on my head!’’ (Miller,131). For Reverend Hale the witch hunt in Salem is the scene of a moral journey as he eventually makes a complete turn around in thoughts and beliefs as he is forced to see certain realities. At the start of Reverend Hale’s metamorphosis he is so sure of himself and of his belief, in witches, that he even inadvertently eases their lying. At this point when he meets Parris and the girls who have been ‘‘ bewitched’’ he encourages them to talk about their being bewitched, and puts some words into their mouths, but he only does this because he really believes in witches, and believes the girls’ stories. This back fires however, and helps the girls with their lies. Soon after the trials begin Hale begins to have doubts in the...

Attention levels in children

Topic: Observe a child of under five years and comment on their attention levels in relation to the research carried out by Cooper, Moodey and Reynell ('78). Is their attention at an age appropriate level? Child observed: Hamza Age: 1 year 5 months Attention level develops as a child grows, it develops with age, helping a child concentrate better on his surroundings and learn new things. It is also very important for language development. Hamza is a one and a half year old child who is ery active and is seen getting into mischief at all times of the day.He has a single track of mind when it comes to doing things his way and he is seen playing with his toys for hardly a few minutes at a time. He is fonder of playing with electrical appliances and will cry and whine until he gets what he wants. Then one can see him playing and laughing for a long time. One of his favourite activities is playing with a torch light. He will sit on the floor and play with it, switching it on and off, unti l its atteries run out. Then he starts to whine and his attention has to be diverted with another activity.Hamza likes to open and close the drawers, causing frequent mishaps. At this time, he is not willing to listen to anyone who calls him and does not respond to his name being called out. At times, he screams if he is called over and over again while he is playing with the drawers, indicating that he did not like the interruption. He will rush back into the room and start opening them and exploring he contents of the drawer if someone carries him out and tries to divert his attention.Thus, he displays the rigid attention stage, as he is not easily distracted from his activities. The best way of distracting him is by getting him to play hide and seek. He will forget all about his mischievous activities and rush to search anyone who is hiding, peeping behind the curtains. Then one can see him playing for hours at an end, and frequently the adults get tired of his innocent play, but he continues o play happily, running to go and hide behind the curtains.Here again he displays the rigid attention stage, where he has to be distracted by an activity which he enjoys and the adult ahs to follow his lead, thus motivating him. He displays bouts of anger when he does not get what he wants or when things are not done as he pleases. His rigid attention stage is visible once again when it is time for him to eat. He will not eat a single morsel of food, no matter how he is coaxed until he sees an airplane flying by. As he s busy waving â€Å"Bye! to the airplane, one places a morsel of food into his mouth. After that his mother plays with him as she helps him finish his meal. At this stage he is beyond the fleeting attention stage, as he is better able to concentrate on what he is doing and enjoy his activities. However, he displays clear signs of rigid behavior at this age. Thus, his attention levels are at an age appropriate level in relation to the research by Cooper, Moodey and Reynell.

Paper Is Better Than Plastic - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 518 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/09/13 Category Advertising Essay Did you like this example? Paper and plastic bags are roughly equal in pros and cons. While they are convenient addictions, they both gobble up natural resources and cause significant pollution. Get basic design benefits of a paper and plastic bag with our award-winning replacements the ACME Bags Workhorse (the plastic bag replacement) and the EarthTote (the paper bag replacement). Same brilliant basic design as their wasteful relatives, but designed to be used thousands of times. ISSUE 1: ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES It takes more than four times as much energy to manufacture a paper bag as it does to manufacture a plastic bag. ENERGY TO PRODUCE BAG ORIGINALLY (BTUs) Safeway Plastic Bags: 594 BTUs Safeway Paper Bags: 2511 BTUs Of course, most paper comes from tree pulp, so the impact of paper bag production on forests is enormous. In 1999, 14 million trees were cut to produce the 10 billion paper grocery bags used by Americans that year alone. Paper bag production delivers a global warming double-whammy forests (major absorbers of greenhouse gases) have to be cut down, and then the subsequent manufacturing of bags produces greenhouse gases. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Paper Is Better Than Plastic" essay for you Create order ISSUE 2: POLLUTION The majority of kraft paper is made by heating wood chips under pressure at high temperatures in a chemical solution. As evidenced by the unmistakable stench commonly associated with paper mills, the use of these toxic chemicals contributes to both air pollution, such as acid rain, and water pollution. Millions of gallons of these chemicals pour into our waterways each year; the toxicity of the chemicals is long-term and settles into the sediments, working its way through the food chain. Further toxicity is generated as both plastic and paper bags degrade. POLLUTANTS PAPER V. S. PLASTIC Paper sacks generate 70% more air and 50 times more water pollutants than plastic bags. ISSUE 3: RECYCLING It takes 91% less energy to recycle a pound of plastic than it takes to recycle a pound of paper. But recycling rates of either type of disposable bag are extremely low, with only 10 to 15% of paper bags and 1 to 3% of plastic bags being recycled, according to the Wall Street Journal. ENERGY TO RECYCLE PACKAGE ONCE (BTUs) Safeway Plastic Bags: 17 BTUs Safeway Paper Bags: 1444 BTUs Source: 1989 Plastic Recycling Directory, Society of Plastics Industry. Although paper bags have a higher recycling rate than plastic, each new paper grocery bag you use is made from mostly virgin pulp for better strength and elasticity. ISSUE 4: DEGRADABILITY Current research demonstrates that paper in todays landfills does not degrade or break down at a substantially faster rate than plastic does. In fact, nothing completely degrades in modern landfills because of the lack of water, light, oxygen and other important elements that are necessary for the degradation process to be completed. A paper bag takes up more space than a plastic bag in a landfill, but because paper is recycled at a higher rate, saving space in landfills is less of an issue. At the end of the day using reusable shopping bags are the real answer! 1989 Plastic Recycling Directory, Society of Plastics Industry. Comparison of the Effects on the Environment of Polyethylene and Paper Carrier Bags, Federal Office of the Environment, August 1988